Wasps are attracted to any type of wood and not are not particularly attracted to teak more than any other wood. They are looking for material for their nests and will use whatever is available. (They dig in and take little splinters out)
In order to keep the wasps away from your furniture, you have to find the nest and take care of the source of the wasps. You could try putting out some softer scrap wood if you have anything lying around and maybe they will switch over to that. There are many natural options to try to repel them - solutions of vanilla, eucalyptus, menthol and/or citronella, but we can't speak to the efficacy of those. Avoid any harsh chemicals on your furniture.
The wasps aren't really damaging the furniture since they are only taking a very thin layer off the surface and are not boring like other bees. Mostly they are a nuisance. If you give your furniture a good scrubbing with soap and water, the markings should disappear.
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